The Andean condor is the only species of new world vultures that are sexually dimorphic. The male has a very distinctive comb on the crown of his head that the female lacks. They also differ in eye color. Look closely and you’ll notice the female’s bright red eye. Like all vultures, condor’s heads are bare of feathers. This adaptation has at least 2 functions. The lack of feathers allows them to radiate heat away from the body which keeps the birds from overheating. The bald head also means they don’t have to worry about the condition of their feathers when they stick their heads inside the carcasses of animals to feed. The large, hooked beak is very sharp and well adapted for tearing up meat.
 

Although there is little data on longevity in the wild, captive birds frequently live into their 40’s and 50’s and the longevity record is over 70 years of age.

Condors have extremely broad wings that are well adapted for soaring flight. They have among the largest wingspan of any bird, at times reaching almost 10 ft across. This allows them to travel over long distances in search of food. To conserve energy on these long flights, condors make good use of rising hot air currents called “thermals” to keep them aloft and reduce the need to flap their wings.

 

These monogamous birds raise only one offspring at a time. Laying one egg on a cliff ledge or shallow cave, both male and female share incubation duties. The chick will hatch out in about 60 days and be ready to fly after 6 months. Parental care can continue for a full year after hatching and pairs rarely breed every year.